W szpitalu Venkateshwar nowoczesna technologia i oddani lekarze zgromadzili się pod jednym dachem, aby świadczyć etyczną opiekę medyczną. Nasi lekarze, wyposażeni w najnowocześniejszy sprzęt i technologie informacyjne, pracują razem jako jeden zespół, aby zapewnić naszym pacjentom najlepsze leczenie.
\n\nNasze technologie:-
\n\nRezonans magnetyczny — Ingenia od Philips, Rezonans magnetyczny 3 Tesli
\n\nTomografia komputerowa — znakomity iCT od Philips, 256-watrokowy CT
\n\nPET-CT — Discovery IQ od Wipro GE
\n\nMammografia — Philips Mammo Diagnostic AR
\n\n4D USG — Philips EPIC 7 G
\n\nLaboratorium interwencyjne cewnikowania — Allura Clarity FD20 od Philips
\n\nW szpitalu Venkateshwar nowoczesna technologia i oddani lekarze zgromadzili się pod jednym dachem, aby świadczyć etyczną opiekę medyczną. Nasi lekarze, wyposażeni w najnowocześniejszy sprzęt i technologie informacyjne, pracują razem jako jeden zespół, aby zapewnić naszym pacjentom najlepsze leczenie.
\n\nNasze technologie:-
\n\nRezonans magnetyczny — Ingenia od Philips, Rezonans magnetyczny 3 Tesli
\n\nTomografia komputerowa — znakomity iCT od Philips, 256-watrokowy CT
\n\nPET-CT — Discovery IQ od Wipro GE
\n\nMammografia — Philips Mammo Diagnostic AR
\n\n4D USG — Philips EPIC 7 G
\n\nLaboratorium interwencyjne cewnikowania — Allura Clarity FD20 od Philips
\n\nSzpital MGM oferuje usuwanie żylaków ze specjalistyczną opieką w swoim przyjaznym dla środowiska obiekcie wspomaganym głosowo. Zespół koncentruje się na spersonalizowanych planach leczenia dostosowanych do potrzeb każdego pacjenta.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":4627,"alias":"mgm-hospital","name":"MGM Hospital","short_description":"Naszą misją w MGM Healthcare jest priorytetowe traktowanie Twojej opieki i dobrostanu. Mając najlepsze placówki medyczne i nowoczesny sprzęt, dążymy do zapewnienia naszym pacjentom najlepszych doświadczeń. Nasz kampus sprzyja leczeniu i spokojowi, a nasz przyjazny dla środowiska szpital jest zorientowany na zrównoważoną przyszłość. Dzięki technologiom głosowym i zaangażowaniu w uczciwość, staramy się poprawiać wyniki i personalizować opiekę medyczną. Dołącz do nas w tej wspólnej podróży do lepszych wyników w dziedzinie opieki zdrowotnej.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/64edd6b739863","title":"Nowoczesna szklana fasada szpitala MGM w Indiach, wielopiętrowy budynek medyczny"},{"base_url":"clinic/64edd6831eb7e","title":"Sala pacjentów z nowoczesnymi łóżkami w MGM Hospital, Indie"},{"base_url":"clinic/64edd69290691","title":"Pracownia cewnikowania serca z nowoczesną aparaturą w szpitalu MGM"},{"base_url":"clinic/64edd6aa3e8c7","title":"Sala rekonwalescencji pacjentów w MGM Hospital z nowoczesnymi łóżkami i monitorami"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Indie","id":32,"alias":"india","iso_code":"IN"},"city":{"name":"Chennai","id":347,"alias":"chennai"},"address":"72, Nelson Manickam Rd, Railway Colony, Aminjikarai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600029, India"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.7,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0},"accreditations":[],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}}],"meta":{"total_count":22,"total_pages":3}},"clinicsMeta":{"total_count":22,"total_pages":3},"clinicsCount":22,"clinicsCountByEntity":{"clinic_count":142},"doctors":{"doctors":[],"meta":{"total_count":0,"total_pages":1}},"offers":{"cards":[],"metadata":{"total_count":0}},"listingTexts":{"entity_texts":{},"texts":{}},"relations":{"countries":[{"name":"Austria","alias":"austria","iso_code":"AT"},{"name":"Azerbejdżan","alias":"azerbaijan","iso_code":"AZ"},{"name":"Brazylia","alias":"brazil","iso_code":"BR"},{"name":"Chiny","alias":"china","iso_code":"CN"},{"name":"Czechia","alias":"czech-republic","iso_code":"CZ"},{"name":"Dominikana","alias":"dominican-republic","iso_code":"DO"},{"name":"Egipt","alias":"egypt","iso_code":"EG"},{"name":"Grecja","alias":"greece","iso_code":"GR"},{"name":"Hiszpania","alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},{"name":"Indie","alias":"india","iso_code":"IN"},{"name":"Izrael","alias":"israel","iso_code":"IL"},{"name":"Japonia","alias":"japan","iso_code":"JP"},{"name":"Kanada","alias":"canada","iso_code":"CA"},{"name":"Kolumbia","alias":"colombia","iso_code":"CO"},{"name":"Kostaryka","alias":"costa-rica","iso_code":"CR"},{"name":"Litwa","alias":"lithuania","iso_code":"LT"},{"name":"Malezja","alias":"malaysia","iso_code":"MY"},{"name":"Meksyk","alias":"mexico","iso_code":"MX"},{"name":"Niemcy","alias":"germany","iso_code":"DE"},{"name":"Republika Korei","alias":"republic-of-korea","iso_code":"KR"},{"name":"Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki","alias":"united-states","iso_code":"US"},{"name":"Szwajcaria","alias":"switzerland","iso_code":"CH"},{"name":"Tajlandia","alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},{"name":"Turcja","alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},{"name":"Ukraina","alias":"ukraine","iso_code":"UA"},{"name":"Wielka Brytania","alias":"united-kingdom","iso_code":"GB"},{"name":"Węgry","alias":"hungary","iso_code":"HU"},{"name":"Włochy","alias":"italy","iso_code":"IT"},{"name":"ZEA","alias":"united-arab-emirates","iso_code":"AE"},{"name":"Łotwa","alias":"latvia","iso_code":"LV"}],"cities":[{"name":"Chennai","alias":"chennai"},{"name":"Nowy Delhi","alias":"delhi"},{"name":"Gurgaon","alias":"gurgaon"},{"name":"Noida","alias":"noida"},{"name":"Hyderabad","alias":"hyderabad"},{"name":"Mumbaj","alias":"mumbai"},{"name":"Koczin","alias":"kochi"},{"name":"Panaji","alias":"panaji"},{"name":"Bangalore","alias":"bengaluru"}],"operations":[{"name":"Chirurgiczne usunięcie żylaków","alias":"varicose-veins-removal"},{"name":"Angioplastyka","alias":"angioplasty"},{"name":"Stripping żylaków nóg","alias":"varicose-vein-stripping"},{"name":"Embolizacja malformacji tętniczo-żylnej","alias":"avm-embolization"},{"name":"Ablacja radiofrekwencyjna","alias":"radiofrequency-ablation"},{"name":"Laserowe usuwanie żylaków","alias":"laser-treatment-for-varicose-veins"},{"name":"Skleroterapia żylaków","alias":"sclerotherapy-of-varicose-veins"},{"name":"Przeszczepienie udowo-podkolanowe","alias":"femoral-popliteal-bypass-surgery"},{"name":"Endowenozna ablacja laserowa (koagulacja)","alias":"evla-endovenous-laser-ablation"},{"name":"Endarterektomia tętnicy szyjnej","alias":"carotid-endarterectomy"}],"diagnostics":[{"name":"TK tętnic wieńcowych","alias":"virtual-coronary"},{"name":"Konsultacja z przygotowaniem planu leczenia","alias":"consultation-with-creation-of-treatment-plan"},{"name":"Fistulografia","alias":"fistulagram"},{"name":"Konsultacja z chirurgiem naczyniowym","alias":"consultation-vascular-surgeon"},{"name":"Dopplerografia","alias":"doppler-sonography-ultrasonography-duplex-angioscanning-vessels"}],"illnesses":[{"name":"Żylaki","alias":"varicosity"},{"name":"Tętniak aorty","alias":"aneurysm-of-the-abdominal-artery"},{"name":"Naczyniak krwionośny","alias":"hemangioma"}],"illnessKinds":[{"name":"Flebologia · Chirurgia naczyniowa","alias":"phlebology"}],"illness_kinds":[{"name":"Flebologia · Chirurgia naczyniowa","alias":"phlebology"}]},"popularSearches":[{"name":"Ablacja radiofrekwencyjna","alias":"radiofrequency-ablation","type":"operation","id":116},{"name":"Chirurgiczne usunięcie żylaków","alias":"varicose-veins-removal","type":"operation","id":752},{"name":"Skleroterapia żylaków","alias":"sclerotherapy-of-varicose-veins","type":"operation","id":627},{"name":"Laserowe usuwanie żylaków","alias":"laser-treatment-for-varicose-veins","type":"operation","id":626},{"name":"Endowenozna ablacja laserowa (koagulacja)","alias":"evla-endovenous-laser-ablation","type":"operation","id":596},{"name":"Konsultacja z przygotowaniem planu leczenia","alias":"consultation-with-creation-of-treatment-plan","type":"diagnostic","id":457},{"name":"Konsultacja z chirurgiem naczyniowym","alias":"consultation-vascular-surgeon","type":"diagnostic","id":171},{"name":"TK tętnic wieńcowych","alias":"virtual-coronary","type":"diagnostic","id":14},{"name":"Dopplerografia","alias":"doppler-sonography-ultrasonography-duplex-angioscanning-vessels","type":"diagnostic","id":99},{"name":"Przegląd wyników MRI","alias":"revision-of-mri-results","type":"diagnostic","id":453},{"name":"Żylaki","alias":"varicosity","type":"illness","id":212},{"name":"Naczyniak krwionośny","alias":"hemangioma","type":"illness","id":88},{"name":"Tętniak aorty","alias":"aneurysm-of-the-abdominal-artery","type":"illness","id":987},{"name":"Lipedema","alias":"lipedema","type":"illness","id":3579}],"operationPrices":{"operation_prices":{"596":{"operation":{"name":"Endowenozna ablacja laserowa (koagulacja)","alias":"evla-endovenous-laser-ablation","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":3500,"max_amount":6500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":3800,"max_amount":5000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":5,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":1800,"max_amount":2800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":1700,"max_amount":3000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"IN":{"amount":1300,"max_amount":2200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":true,"AT":false,"IN":false}},"626":{"operation":{"name":"Laserowe usuwanie żylaków","alias":"laser-treatment-for-varicose-veins","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":2000,"max_amount":4500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":2200,"max_amount":4400,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":6,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"mixed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":1500,"max_amount":3200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":1600,"max_amount":3200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"IN":{"amount":600,"max_amount":1900,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false,"IN":true}},"627":{"operation":{"name":"Skleroterapia żylaków","alias":"sclerotherapy-of-varicose-veins","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":450,"max_amount":1100,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":710,"max_amount":3200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":4,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":860,"max_amount":0,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":450,"max_amount":1000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"IN":{"amount":300,"max_amount":750,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":true,"AT":false,"IN":true}},"752":{"operation":{"name":"Chirurgiczne usunięcie żylaków","alias":"varicose-veins-removal","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":2200,"max_amount":5200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":1500,"max_amount":2700,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":4,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"mixed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":2000,"max_amount":3000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":3500,"max_amount":4200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"IN":{"amount":800,"max_amount":2300,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":6,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"UA":false,"FR":false,"GB":false,"US":false,"IL":false,"TR":true,"MX":true,"DE":true,"CA":false,"AE":false,"TH":true,"PL":true,"KR":true,"CZ":false,"AT":true,"ES":true,"IT":true,"CN":false,"AU":false,"IN":true,"MY":false,"VN":false,"BR":false,"HU":true,"LT":true}},"921":{"operation":{"name":"Stripping żylaków nóg","alias":"varicose-vein-stripping","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":6500,"max_amount":11000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":1800,"max_amount":2200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":3,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":1800,"max_amount":3200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":2800,"max_amount":4500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"IN":{"amount":1800,"max_amount":2600,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false,"IN":true}},"974":{"operation":{"name":"Embolizacja malformacji tętniczo-żylnej","alias":"avm-embolization","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":28000,"max_amount":50000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":4500,"max_amount":8000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":7500,"max_amount":11000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":7500,"max_amount":14500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"IN":{"amount":4500,"max_amount":8000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false,"IN":false}}}},"operationIndicators":{"details":{"anesthesia":"local","days_in_clinic":1,"days_in_country":3,"rehabilitation_days":1,"satisfied_percent":78,"treatment_duration_hours":1},"illness_kind_details":{"requests_processed":2956}},"direction":{"id":36,"name":"Flebologia · Chirurgia naczyniowa","alias":"phlebology"},"illness_kind":{"id":36,"name":{"en":"Phlebology"}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general","regional","local_sedation"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work resumes in about 1-2 weeks; standing or manual work may take longer. Endovenous ablation allows faster return."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":25,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any minor or major complication within 3 months (bruising, nerve symptoms, wound issues); serious ones under 2%."},"contraindications":["Active infection, including skin infection at operative site","Acute deep vein thrombosis","Severe peripheral arterial disease","Pregnancy","Unfitness for anesthesia due to severe cardiopulmonary disease"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Usually same-day discharge after conventional ligation and stripping; overnight stay only if needed."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Walking is fine throughout. Strenuous exercise resumes after about 2-4 weeks, once wounds heal; sooner after endovenous ablation."},"final_result_months":{"min":2,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Bruising and induration resolve over weeks; final appearance and symptom relief assessed after several months."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After wound check and suture removal; short-haul flights earlier, walking and calf movement in flight, thrombosis risk assessed by surgeon."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From day of surgery; 5-10 days for wound review and suture removal."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From day of surgery; 30-90 days for clinical review, with duplex ultrasound if indicated."}}],"indications":["Symptomatic varicose veins (pain, heaviness, swelling, itching, cramps)","Great or small saphenous vein reflux confirmed on duplex ultrasound","Complications: thrombophlebitis, bleeding, skin changes or venous ulcer","Failed or unsuitable endovenous ablation or less invasive treatment"],"main_risks":["Bruising and hematoma","Pain or tenderness along the vein track","Wound infection","Nerve injury causing numbness or tingling (saphenous or sural nerve)","Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (rare)","Lymphatic leak or groin lymphocele","Recurrence of varicose veins","Scarring or skin pigmentation","Anesthesia-related risks","Bleeding from the groin or stripping track"],"pain":"Moderate pain and tenderness along the treated leg for several days to 2 weeks, usually controlled with simple oral analgesics; compression helps reduce bruising and discomfort.","preparation":["Exam and duplex ultrasound vein mapping with skin marking","Preoperative anesthesia fitness assessment and routine blood tests","Fasting before general anesthesia","Review current medications with surgeon or anesthetist","Shower and shave groin and leg","Arrange transport and help at home after discharge","Obtain compression stockings or bandages for postoperative use"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"First 48 hours","description":"Compression bandaging, early walking, rest with leg elevated when sitting; bruising and tightness are common.","restrictions":["No prolonged standing or sitting","No driving until able to perform an emergency stop comfortably"]},{"phase":"Days 3-14","description":"Gradual return to daily activity and office work; compression stockings worn for about 1-2 weeks; wounds heal and bruising fades.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous exercise","Avoid hot baths and prolonged immobility"]},{"phase":"Weeks 2-6","description":"Return to full activity and exercise; residual lumpiness, tenderness or numbness gradually settles.","restrictions":["Increase exercise gradually"]},{"phase":"Months 2-6","description":"Final appearance and symptom relief evaluated; scars mature.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Daily activities resume within 1-2 weeks after surgery; walk from day 1. Endovenous ablation: about 1-5 days."},"result_longevity":"Ligated and stripped trunk does not reflux again; new varicose veins can develop over years as venous disease progresses, with recurrence in a proportion of patients.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":15,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Patients needing repeat treatment within 5 years. Recurrence on imaging or exam is higher, about 20-37%."},"scars":"A small groin incision (about 3-5 cm) and tiny stab incisions along the leg; usually fade to fine, inconspicuous scars, though pigmentation or thickened scars can occur.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single operative session for one leg; the other leg is usually treated separately if needed."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"High ligation, vein stripping and stab phlebectomies","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on the day of the procedure."}}],"qualifier":"Standard single-stage open surgery for one leg."},"success":{"metric":"Patients free of symptomatic recurrence needing retreatment","value":88,"unit":"percent","horizon":"5 years","population":"Adults with symptomatic great saphenous vein reflux after ligation, stripping and phlebectomy","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"High ligation and stripping of the saphenous vein with stab phlebectomies","suits_whom":"Patients with saphenous reflux and visible varicosities, especially when endovenous ablation is unsuitable.","recovery":"Return to desk work in about 1-2 weeks; bruising for 2-3 weeks."},{"name":"Ambulatory (stab) phlebectomy","suits_whom":"Patients with surface tributary varicose veins without significant saphenous reflux.","recovery":"Usually quick recovery, often within several days to 1 week."}],"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time for one leg with ligation, stripping and phlebectomies."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Leg duplex ultrasound report","Photos of both legs standing","List of blood thinners","Previous vein treatment or surgery records","Deep vein thrombosis report, if available"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery for one leg; stay about 7-10 days for wound check and suture removal before flying home."},"clinic_checks":null,"red_flags":null,"warning_signs":null,"take_home":null,"alternatives":null,"technique_details":null}},"hrefLanguages":[{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"ru","language":"ru","href":"https://ru.bookimed.com/clinics/country=india/procedure=hirurgiceskoe-udalenie-varikoznogo-rassirenie-ven/page=3/"}],"questionsAndAnswers":[],"seoTests":{"thin_content":false,"no_txt_after_3_clinics":false},"offerFilters":{"offer_count":0,"country_filter":[{"id":46,"name":"Turcja","alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},{"id":203,"name":"Chiny","alias":"china","iso_code":"CN"},{"id":17,"name":"Polska","alias":"poland","iso_code":"PL"}],"price_filter":{"from":0,"to":0,"avg":0}},"leadsCount":{"leads_count":1},"manualSeo":[],"updatedAt":"2026-11-11T02:10:06.000Z","activeCountries":["IN","TR","AT","TH"],"hasVideoReviewsByContext":true,"hasCriticalApiFallback":false}