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surgery."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":45,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Surgeon or cardiology review with clinical examination, ECG and often echocardiography, counted from the day of surgery."}},{"purpose":"rehabilitation","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":60,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Start of an outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program, counted from the day of surgery."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":90,"max":180,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of functional outcome and long-term medication plan, counted from the day of surgery."}}],"indications":["Multivessel or left main coronary artery disease needing bypass grafting","Severe symptomatic valve stenosis or regurgitation needing repair or replacement","Aortic root or ascending aorta aneurysm needing repair","Selected congenital heart defects in adults","Infective endocarditis with valve destruction or complications","Cardiac tumors such as atrial myxoma"],"main_risks":["Bleeding needing transfusion or re-operation","Postoperative atrial fibrillation","Wound infection, including sternal wound infection","Stroke or neurological or cognitive changes","Kidney injury","Myocardial infarction or heart failure","Pulmonary complications such as pneumonia or pleural effusion","Prolonged ventilation or intensive care stay","Death"],"pain":"Moderate to severe chest wall pain in the first days, controlled with multimodal analgesia. Pain from the sternum and chest incision gradually settles over 2-6 weeks, with some discomfort with coughing and movement for longer.","preparation":["Cardiology and surgical assessment, with angiography or echocardiography as needed","Pre-operative blood tests, ECG, chest X-ray and anesthesia evaluation","Medication review by surgical and anesthesia team","Smoking cessation and treatment of dental or other infections beforehand","Fasting before surgery as instructed","Pre-operative education on breathing exercises and sternal precautions"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Intensive care (day 0-2)","description":"Monitoring, ventilator weaning, chest drains and pain control.","restrictions":["Bed rest with assisted mobilization"]},{"phase":"Ward stay (day 2-10)","description":"Progressive walking, breathing exercises, drain and pacing wire removal, and medication adjustment before discharge.","restrictions":["Sternal precautions","No driving"]},{"phase":"Early home recovery (days 10-42)","description":"Gradual increase in walking, wound healing and fatigue management.","restrictions":["No lifting over about 5 kg","No pushing or pulling with the arms","No driving until cleared"]},{"phase":"Rehabilitation and return to activity (weeks 6-12)","description":"Sternum is largely healed; cardiac rehabilitation increases exercise capacity and many patients return to work.","restrictions":["Heavy lifting and strenuous exercise only after clearance"]},{"phase":"Full recovery (months 3-6)","description":"Energy and exercise tolerance normalize in most patients with an uncomplicated course.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery to routine daily activities after an uncomplicated sternotomy, including outpatient cardiac rehabilitation."},"result_longevity":"Bypass grafts and bioprosthetic valves typically last 10-20 years, with arterial grafts often longer. Mechanical valves and valve repairs can last decades. Durability depends on the operation, risk-factor control, and medication adherence.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":5,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Early re-operation, mostly for bleeding, within the same admission; later valve or graft re-intervention is lower."},"scars":"Vertical midline sternal scar, usually 15-25 cm, fading over months to a year. Small chest drain scars. Thick or keloid scarring is possible; minimally invasive approaches leave smaller scars.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"One operation under a single admission, for a standard uncomplicated primary procedure."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Open heart operation with sternotomy and, in most cases, cardiopulmonary bypass","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on the day of the procedure."}}],"qualifier":"Single-stage operation; follow-up checks and rehabilitation are not counted as treatment sessions."},"success":{"metric":"30-day operative survival","value":97,"unit":"percent","horizon":"30 days after surgery","population":"Adults undergoing elective isolated CABG","evidence_status":"proven"},"techniques":[{"name":"Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), on-pump or off-pump","suits_whom":"Patients with multivessel or left main coronary artery disease","recovery":"Hospital stay of about 5-8 days; return to usual activities in about 6-12 weeks."},{"name":"Valve repair or replacement (mechanical or bioprosthetic)","suits_whom":"Patients with severe symptomatic valve disease","recovery":"Hospital stay of about 6-10 days; mechanical valves need lifelong anticoagulation; usual activities resume in about 6-12 weeks."},{"name":"Aortic root or ascending aorta surgery","suits_whom":"Patients with aortic aneurysm or dissection involving the proximal aorta","recovery":"Often longer ICU and hospital stay; recovery over about 3 months."},{"name":"Minimally invasive or robotic-assisted cardiac surgery","suits_whom":"Selected patients with suitable anatomy, mainly for mitral or isolated procedures","recovery":"May allow a somewhat quicker recovery with a smaller incision; not suitable for all patients."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time for typical single-procedure adult surgery, such as CABG or single valve; combined procedures take longer."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Coronary angiography report and images","Echocardiogram report","Recent ECG","Cardiologist's discharge summary or diagnosis letter","List of blood thinners and cardiac medications","Cardiac CT or MRI report (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single operation; stay about 2-3 weeks including hospital days and early recovery. Later checks usually done at home."},"clinic_checks":null,"red_flags":null,"warning_signs":null,"take_home":null,"alternatives":null,"technique_details":null}},"hrefLanguages":[{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"ru","language":"ru","href":"https://ru.bookimed.com/clinics/country=cyprus/procedure=otkrytaa-operacia-na-serdce/"}],"offerFilters":{"offer_count":0,"country_filter":[{"id":135,"name":"Azerbejdżan","alias":"azerbaijan","iso_code":"AZ"},{"id":46,"name":"Turcja","alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"}],"price_filter":{"from":0,"to":0,"avg":0}},"illnessesByOperation":[{"id":566,"alias":"tetralogy-of-fallot","name":"Tetrada Fallota"},{"id":573,"alias":"ventricular-septal-defect","name":"Ubytek przegrody międzykomorowej"}],"rendersOffersList":false,"fewClinics":true,"topCountriesCount":0}